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Caregiver burden is the stress which is perceived by caregivers due to the home care situation. This subjective burden is one of the most important predictors for negative outcomes of the care situation – for the caregivers themselves as well as for the one who requires care. Caregivers are all persons who support and help a person in need of care regularly because of personal – not professional – reasons. That means every kind of help and support. It doesn’t need to be health care in the narrow sense. The caregiver doesn’t need to be akin with the person they support. Often friends, neighbors or acquaintances provide support, too. == Theory == From a scientific perspective, caregiver burden is a theoretical construct. The conceptual basis for the appraisal of the care situation is the Transactional Model of Lazarus and Folkman.〔R. S. Lazarus, S. Folkman: ''Stress, appraisal, and coping''. Springer, New York 1984.〕 The subjective evaluation of the care situation (stressor) by the caregivers is critical for the development and maintenance of subjective burden. According to the Transactional Model, people deal with stressful situations by appraisals of stressor and resources. The primary appraisal deals with the individual meaning of the specific stressor, which is the care situation in this case. The secondary appraisal analyzes the own abilities and resources to cope with that situation. On this basis, the individual coping efforts are used to deal with the stressful situation. As per Carver,〔C. S. Carver: ''You want to measure coping but your protocol's too long: Consider the brief COPE.'' In: ''International Journal of Behavioral Medicine.'' 1997, 4(1), pp. 92–100.〕 these efforts can focus on problem management or emotional regulation. Dysfunctional strategies are possible, too. Studies〔C. Cooper, C. Katona, M. Orrell, G. Livingston: ''Coping strategies, anxiety and depression in caregivers of people with alzheimer's disease.'' In: ''International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.'' 2008, 23(9), pp. 929–936. 〕〔V. E. Di Mattei, A. Prunas, L. Novella, A. Marcone, S. F. Cappa, L. Sarno: ''The burden of distress in caregivers of elderly demented patients and its relationship with coping strategies.'' In: ''Neurological Sciences.'' 2008, 29(6), pp. 383–389. 〕 found that a high caregiver burden often comes along with dysfunctional strategies what means activities which don’t solve the problem but worsen it (e.g. self-criticism, substance abuse). The (dis)balance between burden/vulnerabilities and resources of the caregiver determines the consequences of a care situation.〔E. Gräßel, R. Adabbo: ''Perceived burden of informal caregivers of a chronically ill older family member: Burden in the context of the transactional stress model of Lazarus and Folkman.'' In: ''Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry.'' 2011, 24(3), pp. 143–154. 〕 Home care can result in positive as well as negative experiences. Regardless of the caregiver burden, relatives can experience benefits - positive consequences - of the home care situation.〔T. M. Liew, N. Luo, W. Y. Ng, H. L. Chionh, J. Goh (2010): ''(Predicting gains in dementia caregiving. )'' In: ''Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 29''(2), pp. 115-122. 〕 This may be the feeling of being needed or the knowledge that they have acquired new skills etc.〔A. M. Baronet (2003): ''(The impact of family relations on caregivers' positive and negative appraisal of their caregiving activities. )'' In: ''Family Relations, 52''(2), pp. 137-142. 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Caregiver burden」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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